Proximity sensors are widely used in automation, security, and robotics to detect the presence of nearby objects without physical contact. While modern sensors use complex ICs or microcontrollers, you can build a basic proximity sensor circuit and a few simple components.
This DIY project is perfect for beginners to understand the working principle of object detection using infrared light and transistors.
Components Required
- PCB Board
- CD4093BE
- 14 IC Header
- Terminal Block
- 12V relay
- 100uF 25V Capacitor
- 47uF 35V Capacitor
- 10k Ohms Resistor
- 1k Ohms Resistor
- 33 Ohms Resistor
- 10M Ohms Resistor
- 100 Ohms Resistor
- 5.1M Ohms Resistor
- 22k Ohms Resistor
- 1N4148 Diode
- 1N4007 Diode
- S9012 Transistor
- S9013 Transistor
- 104 Capacitor
- Red LED
- 940 Red hair emit light
- 940 infrared receiver
Special Thanks to Our Sponser – JLCPCB:
No project is complete without the right tool and materials. That’s why our sponser JLCPCB stepped into provide essential material for the project. JLCPCB is a leading provider of high quality printed circuit board and PCB assembling services.
Simply head over to JLCPCB, Upload your gerber file, select specification and just place your order.
48-Hour Turnaround for 6 Layer PCBs!
Discover Easy, Affordable, and Reliable PCB manufacturing with JLCPCB! Register to get $60 New customer coupons.
How To Order PCB
Applications
- Automatic hand sanitizer dispensers
- Obstacle detection in robots
- Touchless switches
- Security systems
IC CD4093BE
The CD4093BE is a quad 2-input NAND Schmitt Trigger logic IC from the 4000 CMOS family.
It integrates four independent NAND gates, each with Schmitt-trigger inputs, which means it can handle noisy or slowly changing input signals more reliably than standard NAND gates.
📋 Key Features
- Type: Quad 2-input NAND gate with Schmitt-trigger inputs
- Logic Family: CMOS (4000 series)
- Supply Voltage Range (VDD): 3V – 15V (typical operation at 5V, 10V, or 15V)
- Low Power Consumption (thanks to CMOS technology)
- High Noise Immunity
- Input Type: Schmitt trigger (hysteresis to clean up noisy signals)
- Output Drive: Standard CMOS push-pull
⚡ Electrical Characteristics
- Propagation Delay (tpd): ~200 ns at VDD = 5V
- Input Hysteresis (Schmitt trigger): ~0.5V to 1.5V depending on VDD
- Maximum Input Voltage: VDD
- Output Current: ±6.8 mA at 5V, higher at 10V/15V
🔧 Applications
- Waveform shaping (cleaning up noisy signals)
- Pulse generation & timing circuits (monostable/astable multivibrator)
- Oscillators & clock circuits
- Signal conditioning
- General digital logic circuits requiring NAND gates with noise immunity